Control Pack

4-5 a.Prohibited activities. In addition to the prohibited activities listed in AR 25-1, the following activities are specifically prohibited by any authorized user on a Government provided IS or connection:
4-5 a.(1)Use of ISs for unlawful or unauthorized activities such as file sharing of media, data, or other content that is protected by Federal or state law, including copyright or other intellectual property statutes.
4-5 a.(2)Installation of software, configuration of an IS, or connecting any ISs to a distributed computer environment (DCE), for example the SETI project or the human genome research programs.
4-5 a.(3)Modification of the IS or software, use of it in any manner other than its intended purpose, or adding user-configurable or unauthorized software such as, but not limited to, commercial instant messaging, commercial Internet chat, collaborative environments, or peer-to-peer client applications. These applications create exploitable vulnerabilities and circumvent normal means of securing and monitoring network activity and provide a vector for the introduction of malicious code, remote access, network intrusions or the exfiltration of protected data.
4-5 a.(4)Attempts to strain, test, circumvent, or bypass network or IS security mechanisms, or to perform network or keystroke monitoring. RCERTs, Red Team, or other official activities, operating in their official capacities only, may be exempted from this requirement.
4-5 a.(5)Physical relocation or changes to configuration or network connectivity of IS equipment.
4-5 a.(6)Installation of non-Government-owned computing systems or devices without prior authorization of the appointed DAA including but not limited to USB devices, external media, personal or contractor-owned laptops, and MCDs.
4-5 a.(7)Release, disclose, transfer, possess, or alter information without the consent of the data owner, the original classification authority (OCA) as defined by AR 380-5, the individual's supervisory chain of command, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) official, Public Affairs Office, or disclosure officer's approval.
4-5 a.(8)Sharing personal accounts and authenticators (passwords or PINs) or permitting the use of remote access capabilities through Government provided resources with any unauthorized individual.
4-5 a.(9)Disabling or removing security or protective software and other mechanisms and their associated logs from IS.
4-5 b.Accreditation. ISs and networks will be accredited in accordance with interim DOD and Army DIACAP documentation and Army supplemental networthiness guidance.
4-5 c.Access control. IA personnel will implement system and device access controls using the principle of least privilege (POLP) via automated or manual means to actively protect the IS from compromise, unauthorized use or access, and manipulation. IA personnel will immediately report unauthorized accesses or attempts to their servicing RCERT in accordance with Section VIII, Incident and Intrusion reporting. Commanders and DAAs will-
4-5 c.(1)Enforce users' suspensions and revocation for violations of access authorization or violation in accordance with para 3-3c(11).
4-5 c.(2)Develop the approval processes for specific groups and users.
4-5 c.(3)Validate individual security investigation (or approve interim access) requirements before authorizing IS access by any user.
4-5 c.(4)Verify systems are configured to automatically generate an auditable record or log entry for each access granted or attempted.
4-5 c.(5)Validate that systems identify users through the user's use of unique user identifications (USERIDs).
4-5 c.(6)Validate that systems authenticate users through the use of the CAC as a two-factor authentication mechanism. The CAC has certificates on the integrated circuit chip (ICC), and will be used as the primary user identifier and access authenticator to systems.
4-5 c.(7)Validate system configurations to authenticate user access to all systems with a minimum of a USERID and an authenticator when the systems are incapable of CAC enablement until these are replaced. An authenticator may be something the user knows (password), something the user possesses (token), or a physical characteristic (biometric). The most common authenticator is a password.
4-5 c.(8)Verify that system configurations use password-protected screen savers, screen locks, or other lockout features to protect against unauthorized access of ISs during periods of temporary non-use. Ensure such mechanisms automatically activate when a terminal is left unattended or unused. The DOD activation standard is established at 15 minutes. Establish a shorter period when IS are used in a multinational or coalition work area. In instances where the unattended lockout feature hinders operations, for example; standalone briefing presentation systems, medical triage devices, or operating room systems status; the DAA and SO can approve longer timeouts as an exception only when it imposes a minimum of risk, other control mechanisms are enabled to mitigate these risks, and documented in the C&A package. However the timeout feature will never be disabled and the system will never remain unattended during this extended use period. Exceptions will never be granted for matters of convenience or ease of use.
4-5 c.(9)Validate that system configurations prohibit anonymous accesses or accounts (for example, Student1, Student2, Patron1, Patron2, anonymous).
4-5 c.(10)Prohibit the use of generic group accounts. Permit exceptions only on a case-by-case basis when supporting an operational or administrative requirement such as watch-standing or helpdesk accounts, or that require continuity of operations, functions, or capabilities. IAMs will implement procedures to identify and audit users of group accounts through other operational mechanisms such as duty logs.
4-5 c.(11)Verify that system configurations limit the number of user failed log-on attempts to three before denying access to (locking) that account, when account locking is supported by the IS or device. If IS-supported, the system will prevent rapid retries when an authenticator is incorrectly entered and gives no indications or error messages that either the authenticator or ID was incorrectly entered (for example, implement time delays between failed attempts).
4-5 c.(12)Verify that system configurations generate audit logs, and investigate security event violations when the maximum number of authentication attempts is exceeded, the maximum number of attempts from one IS is exceeded, or the maximum number of failed attempts over a set period is exceeded.
4-5 c.(13)Reinstate accesses only after the appropriate IA (for example, SA/NA) personnel have verified the reason for failed log-on attempts and have confirmed the access-holder's identity. Permit automatic account unlocking, for example, after an established time period has elapsed, as documented in the C&A package and approved by the DAA, based on sensitivity of the data or access requirements.
4-5 c.(14)If documented in the C&A package and authorized by the DAA, time-based lockouts (that is, access is restricted based on time or access controls based on IP address, terminal port, or combinations of these) and barriers that require some time to elapse to enable bypassing may be used. In those instances the DAA will specify, as a compensatory measure, the following policies:
4-5 c.(14)(a)Implement mandatory audit trails to record all successful and unsuccessful log-on attempts.
4-5 c.(14)(b)Within 72 hours of any failed log-on and user lockout, IA personnel will verify the reason for failure and implement corrective actions or report the attempted unauthorized access.
4-5 c.(14)(c)The SA will maintain a written record of all reasons for failure for 1 year.
4-5 c.(15)Enforce temporary disabling of all accounts for deployed forces on garrison networks unless the accounts are operationally required.
4-5 c.(16)Create and enforce procedures for suspending, changing, or deleting accounts and access privileges for deployed forces in the event of capture, loss, or death of personnel having network privilege-level access.
4-5 c.(17)Create and enforce access auditing, and protect physical access control events (for example, card reader accesses) and audit event logs for physical security violations or access controls to support investigative efforts as required.
4-5 d.Remote access (RA).
4-5 d.(1)Systems being used for remote access must meet security configurations to include IAVM, certification and accreditation standards, and will employ host-based security, for example a firewall and IDS, with AV software before authorization to connect to any remote access server. Security configurations will be reviewed quarterly.
4-5 d.(2)Encrypt log-in credentials as they traverse the network as required for the level of information being accessed or required for need-to-know separation.
4-5 d.(3)Encrypt all RA for network configuration or management activities regardless of classification level, device, or access method.
4-5 d.(4)Users will protect RA ISs and data consistent with the level of information retrieved during the session.
4-5 d.(5)Disable remote device password save-functions incorporated within software or applications to prevent storage of plain text passwords.
4-5 d.(6)Remote access users will read and sign security and end-user agreements for remote access annually as a condition for continued access.
4-5 e.Remote access servers (RASs).
4-5 e.(1)Secure remote terminal devices consistent with the mode of operation and sensitivity of the information and implement non-repudiation measures when necessary.
4-5 e.(2)Any IS that provides RAS capabilities will employ host-based firewalls and intrusion detection systems to detect unauthorized access and to prevent exploitation of network services.
4-5 e.(3)Any RAS being accessed remotely will employ a "Time-Out" protection feature that automatically disconnects the remote device after a predetermined period of inactivity has elapsed, dependent on classification level of the information, but no longer than 10 minutes.
4-5 e.(4)Remote access users will be required to authenticate all dial-in operations with a unique USERID and password, compliant with the remote authentication dial-in user system (RADIUS) standard.
4-5 e.(5)All RAs will terminate at a centrally managed access point located within a demilitarized zone (DMZ) that is configured to log user activities during a session.
4-5 e.(6)Prohibit all RA (that is, virtual private network (VPN), dial-in) to individual ISs within an enclave (that is, behind the DMZ firewall).
4-5 e.(7)DOIMs and IAMs must ensure all remote access servers (RASs) undergo CM and C&A processes.
4-5 e.(8)Stand alone dial-back modems and modem systems that authenticate using RADIUS are the only allowable dialin modems.
4-5 e.(9)Physical security for the terminal will meet the requirements for storage of data at the highest classification level received at the terminal and must be implemented within a restricted access area.
4-5 e.(10)Data between the client and the RAS will be encrypted to provide confidentiality, identification, non-repudiation and authentication of the data. The CAC provides the user with an official certificate.
4-5 e.(11)Approved telework or telecommuting access will be in accordance with established DOIM, RCIO, and NETCOM/9th SC (A) C&A access procedures from a Government provided system only. Ad hoc telework access (defined as one-time, informal, or on an infrequent basis) will be through existing and approved external access methods or portals such as Terminal Server Access Control System (TSACS) or the Army Knowledge Online (AKO) Web site.
4-5 e.(12)Outside the continental United States (OCONUS) telework procedures and authorization will be approved by the DAA and RCIO on a case-by-case basis and documented in the C&A package.
4-5 e.(13)Audit all RAS connections at a minimum weekly.
4-5 e.(14)Review RAS devices biweekly for security configuration, patches, updates, and IAVM compliance.
4-5 f.Configuration management requirements. The following policy will be the minimum used for the CM of all systems:
4-5 f.(1)All CM plans will include a maintenance and update strategy to proactively manage all IS and networks with the latest security or application updates. While IAVM is part of a CM strategy, it is not all-inclusive for every IS in use in the Army. All ISs will have a vulnerability management strategy for testing and maintaining patches, updates, and upgrades.
4-5 f.(2)Hardware and software changes to an accredited IS, with an established baseline, will be effected through the CM process.
4-5 f.(3)The CCB or the CMB for a site must approve modifying or reconfiguring the hardware of any computer system. Hardware will not be connected to any system or network without the express written consent of the IAM and the CMB or CCB. In the absence of a CCB or CMB, the appropriate commander or manager will provide the consent on the advice of the cognizant IA official.
4-5 f.(4)Modifying, installing, or downloading of any software on any computer system may affect system C&A and must be evaluated and approved by the IAM with the local CMB, CCB, and DAA.
4-5 f.(5)Configuration management controls, including version controls, will be maintained on all software development efforts; RDT&E activities; follow-on test and evaluation (FOT&E) activities; and other related tests by the software designer. A CM "baseline image" will be created, documented, kept current, and maintained by network and system administration personnel for all ISs within their span of control. Exceptions to this baseline image will be documented in the C&A package and approved by the DAA.
4-5 f.(6)The minimum baseline configuration for ISs will be the published Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) requirements or the common criteria protection profiles for IA products, as available or supplemented published by DOD and NETCOM/9th SC (A), with any changes documented. STIGS are located at: http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/index.html.
4-5 f.(7)Prohibit default installations of "out of the box" configurations of COTS purchased products. COTS purchased products will require system CM and IAVM compliance as a minimum. Comprehensive vulnerability assessments of the test IS will be conducted and documented before and after installation of any COTS products under consideration for CM review or approval.
4-5 f.(8)Upon acceptance for operational use (whether developmental, GOTS, or COTS), keep software under close and continuous CM controls to prevent unauthorized changes.
4-5 f.(9)ISs must meet minimum levels of total system exposure. See paragraph 4-4 and DODI 8500.2 to establish IA baseline requirements.
4-5 g.Assessments. Commanders will verify that IA personnel conduct initial and continual assessments to detect IS and network vulnerabilities using approved tools, tactics, and techniques to facilitate the risk management process and to ensure compliance with network management, CM, IAVM requirements, and security policies and procedures. Commanders and IA personnel will ensure that all networks and networked ISs undergo a self-assessed, vulnerability assessment scan quarterly. Prohibit the use of commercial scanning services or vendors without the CIO/G6's chief information security officer's (CISO) approval.
4-5 h.Auditing. SAs will configure ISs to automatically log all access attempts. Audits of IS will be either automated or manual means. SAs will implement audit mechanisms for those ISs that support multiple users.
4-5 h.(1)Use audit servers to consolidate system audit logs for centralized review to remove the potential for unauthorized editing or deletion of audit logs in the event of an incident or compromise.
4-5 h.(2)Commands, organizations, tenants, activities, and installations will support centralized audit server implementations in the enterprise.
4-5 h.(3)Centralized audit servers logs will be maintained for a minimum of 1 year.
4-5 h.(4)Conduct self-inspections by the respective SA/NA or IA manager.
4-5 h.(5)Enable and refine default IS logging capabilities to identify abnormal or potentially suspicious local or network activity--
4-5 h.(5)(a)Investigate all failed login attempts or account lockouts.
4-5 h.(5)(b)Maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events in determining the causes of compromise and magnitude of damage should a malfunction or a security violation occurs. Maintain system audit logs locally for no less than 90 days.
4-5 h.(5)(c)Retain classified and sensitive IS audit files for 1 year (5 years for SCI systems, depending on storage capability).
4-5 h.(5)(d)Provide audit logs to the ACERT, Army-Global Network Operations and Security Center (A-GNOSC), LE, or CI personnel to support forensic, criminal, or counter-intelligence investigations as required.
4-5 h.(5)(e)Review logs and audit trails at a minimum weekly, more frequently if required, and take appropriate actions.
4-5 i.Contingency planning. A contingency plan is a plan for emergency response, backup operations, transfer of operations, and post-disaster recovery procedures maintained by an activity as a part of its IA security program. Commanders will create and practice contingency plans for each IS (a single IS or local area network (LAN)) for critical assets as identified by the data owner or commander to support continuity of operations planning (COOP). See DA Pam 25-1-2 for additional guidance and procedures for developing contingency plans. Exercise contingency plans annually.
4-5 j.Data integrity.
4-5 j.(1)Implement safeguards to detect and minimize unauthorized access and inadvertent, malicious, or non-malicious modification or destruction of data.
4-5 j.(2)Implement safeguards to ensure that security classification levels remain with the transmitted data.
4-5 j.(3)DAA will identify data owners for each database on their networks. Only the original classification authority (OCA) is authorized to change the data classification.
4-5 j.(4)DAA will develop and enforce policies and procedures to routinely or automatically backup, verify, and restore (as required) data, ISs, or devices at every level. These policies and procedures will be captured in the C&A package.
4-5 j.(5)Use data or data sources that have verifiable or trusted information. Examples of trusted sources include, but are not limited to, information published on DOD and Army sites and vendor sites that use verified source code or cryptographic hash values.
4-5 j.(6)Protect data at rest (for example, databases, files) to the classification level of the information with authorized encryption and strict access control measures implemented.
4-5 k.C&A package. The C&A package will be available to the site-assigned IASO for the life of each IS or LAN, including operational, prototype, test, or developmental systems. This C&A package will include at a minimum the System Identification Profile (SIP), Scorecard, and plan of action and milestones (POA&M).
4-5 l.IA product acquisition. All security-related COTS hardware, firmware, and software components (excluding cryptographic modules) required to protect ISs will be acquired in accordance with public law and will have been evaluated and validated in accordance with appropriate criteria, schemes, or protection profiles (http://www.niapnist.gov/) and this regulation. IA products listed on the CSLA managed Army approved products list will be evaluated/selected first, and then procured through managed Army Blanket Purchase Agreement (BPA) contract vehicles before other IA products are evaluated. For PEO/PM's, the CSLA BPA requirements only applies to the procurement of COMSEC devices. All GOTS products will be evaluated by NSA or in accordance with NSA-approved processes. NETCOM/9th SC (A) and CIO/G-6 may approve exceptions to IA products evaluations when no criteria, protection profile, or schema exists or is under development, and the removal or prohibition of such an IA product would significantly degrade or reduce the ability of personnel to secure, manage, and protect the infrastructure.
4-5 m.Notice and consent procedures. Commanders will verify that all computers under their control, independently, prominently and completely display the Notice and Consent Banner immediately upon users' authentication to the system, including, but not limited to, web, ftp, telnet, or other services access.
4-5 m.(1)General Notification: Army users of DOD telecommunications systems or devices are advised that DOD provides such systems and devices for conducting authorized use. Users are subject to telecommunications monitoring, including their personal communications and stored information.
4-5 m.(2)Using Government telecommunications systems and devices constitutes the user's consent to monitoring.
4-5 m.(3)Users will be advised that there is no expectation of privacy while using ISs or accessing Army resources.
4-5 m.(4)The user must take a positive action to accept the terms of the notice and consent warning banner before a successful logon is completed.
4-5 m.(5)Post appropriate warning banners and labels in accordance with this regulation.
4-5 m.(6)The following access warning banner replaces the warning banner in AR 380-53 and will not be modified further. The banner to be posted on Army networks, systems, and devices will state-
4-5 m.(7)"WARNING! This computer is the property of the United States Department of Defense and may be accessed only by authorized users. Unauthorized use of this system is strictly prohibited and may be subject to criminal prosecution. The Department may monitor any official or personal activity or communication on this system and retrieve any information stored within this system. By accessing and using this computer, you are consenting to such monitoring and information retrieval for any lawful purpose, including, but not limited to, a properly authorized law enforcement or counter-intelligence investigation; information systems security monitoring; an Inspector General inspection, investigation, or inquiry; or other authorized administrative investigation. Users have no expectation of privacy with respect to any information, either official or personal, transmitted over, or stored within this system, including information stored locally on the hard drive or other media used with this computer to include removable media or hand-held peripherals devices."
4-5 n.Virus protection. Implement the virus protection guidance provided below on all ISs and networks, regardless of classification or purpose-
4-5 n.(1)Users and SAs will scan all files, removable media, and software, including new "shrink-wrapped" COTS software, with an installed and authorized AV product before introducing them onto an IS or network. Files, media and software found to be infected with a virus will be reported by users to the SA.
4-5 n.(2)To minimize the risks of viruses, implement the following countermeasures:
4-5 n.(2)(a)SAs will configure all ISs with a current and supportable version of the AV software configured to provide realtime protection from the approved products list with automated updates and reporting enabled.
4-5 n.(2)(b)IA personnel should take the multilevel approach to virus detection by installing one AV package on the workstations and a different AV package on the servers.
4-5 n.(2)(c)SAs will update virus definitions at a minimum weekly, or as directed by the ACERT for immediate threat reduction. Virus definition availability is based on vendors' capabilities. IA personnel will institute automated antivirus definition updates as published or available from authorized DOD or Army sites.
4-5 n.(3)IA personnel will train users to recognize and report virus symptoms immediately.
4-5 n.(4)IAMs will implement virus-reporting procedures to support DOD and Army reporting requirements.
4-5 o.Mobile code.
4-5 o.(1)Mobile code is executable software, transferred across a network, downloaded, and executed on a local system without notification to, or explicit installation and execution by, the recipient.
4-5 o.(2)Mobile code has the potential to severely degrade operations if improperly used or controlled. The objective of the mobile code security policy is to deny untrusted mobile code the ability to traverse the Army enterprise. As a minimum, the Army mobile code mitigation policy will be implemented to support the DOD mobile code policy. Untrusted mobile code will not be allowed to traverse the enterprise unless NETCOM/9th SC (A) CCB-approved mitigating actions have been emplaced.
4-5 p.Layering.
4-5 p.(1)Layering is a process of implementing similar security configurations or mechanisms at multiple points in an IS architecture. Doing so eliminates single points of failure, provides redundant capabilities, increases access granularity and auditing, and implements an effective computer or network attack detection and reaction capability.
4-5 p.(2)The Army enterprise IA security DiD structure requires a layering of security policies, procedures, and technology, including best practices such as redundant capabilities or use of alternative operating systems, to protect all network resources within the enterprise. Layered defenses at the boundaries, for example, include, but are not limited to using inbound and outbound proxy services, firewalls, IDSs, IPSs, and DMZs.
4-5 q.Filtering. Filtering policies will block ingress and egress services, content, sources, destinations, ports, and protocols not required or authorized across the enterprise boundary. Router and firewall access control lists (ACLs) provide a basic level of access control over network connections based on security or operational policy.
4-5 q.(1)Filtering at the enterprise boundary is the primary responsibility of the NETCOM/9th SC (A) TNOSCs using tools and techniques applied at the enterprise level.
4-5 q.(2)At all levels subordinate to NETCOM/9th SC (A), filtering policies and technology will be implemented and layered throughout the architecture and enforced at all capable devices. Audit and system or device generated event logs will be provided to NETCOM/9th SC (A). These policies should be complementary.
4-5 q.(3)Filtering products and techniques are intended to proactively reduce ingress and egress security threats to enterprise systems and information without targeting specific individuals. The most common threats are associated with malicious content, misuse, security policy violations, content policy violations, or criminal activity. Threat mitigation policies will be incorporated, configured, and monitored to reduce or identify these threats and include, but are not limited to, ACL configuration on routing devices to prevent access to unauthorized sites, AV installations, cache or proxy servers (to maintain connection state), firewalls, mail exchange configurations (for example, auto-deletion of attachments), network monitoring software such as IDS or Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) configured to terminate suspicious traffic, content management, or web filtering applications.
4-5 r.AUP.
4-5 r.(1)Commanders and Directors will implement an AUP for all user accesses under their control (see the sample AUP at appendix B).
4-5 r.(2)Users will review and sign an AUP prior to or upon account activation. Digital signatures are authorized.
4-5 r.(3)IA personnel will maintain documented training records.
4-5 r.(4)DOD policy states that Federal Government communication systems and equipment (including Government owned telephones, facsimile machines, electronic mail, internet systems, and commercial systems), when use of such systems and equipment is paid for by the Federal Government, will be for official use and authorized purposes only.
4-5 r.(5)Official use includes emergency communications and communications necessary to carry out the business of the Federal Government. Official use can also include other use authorized by a theater commander for Soldiers and civilian employees deployed for extended periods away from home on official business.
4-5 r.(6)Authorized purposes include brief communications by employees while they are traveling on Government business to notify family members of official transportation or schedule changes. Authorized purposes can also include limited personal use established by appropriate authorities under the guidelines of the Joint Ethics Regulation (DOD 5500.7-R).
4-5 r.(7)Certain activities are never authorized on Army networks. AUPs will include the following minimums as prohibited. These activities include any personal use of Government resources involving: pornography or obscene material (adult or child); copyright infringement (such as the sharing of copyright material by means of peer-to-peer software); gambling; the transmission of chain letters; unofficial advertising, soliciting, or selling except on authorized bulletin boards established for such use; or the violation of any statute or regulation.
4-5 s.Monitoring networks.
4-5 s.(1)Network monitoring includes any of a number of actions by IA personnel aimed at ensuring proper performance and management. When any of these monitoring activities involve intercepting (capturing in real time) the contents of wire or electronic communications, they must fall within the limits of the service provider exception to the Federal wiretap statute. The service provider exception allows system and network administrators to intercept, use, and disclose intercepted communications as long as the actions are conducted in the normal course of employment and the SA/NA is engaged in an activity that is necessary to keep the service operational or to protect the rights or property of the service provider. Therefore, IA personnel must consult with legal counsel to ensure that their activities involving systems management and protection are properly authorized.
4-5 s.(2)IA personnel performing ingress and egress network monitoring or filtering activities are authorized to use CIO/G-6-approved automated monitoring tools maintained and configured by NETCOM/9th SC (A) as network devices to aid in the performance and management. It is important to recognize that the SA/NA does not have unlimited authority in the use of these network monitoring tools. The approved tool may contain technical capabilities beyond those tasks for which the tool was approved; as such the IA personnel must ensure that approved tools are used only for their intended purpose.
4-5 s.(3)IA personnel will not use unapproved IA tools, use IA tools for unapproved purposes, or misuse automated IA tools. Violations will be reported through appropriate command channels to the CIO/G-6. Exceptions to the configuration of these devices will be approved on a case-by-case basis by NETCOM/9th SC (A).
4-5 s.(4)In general terms, IA personnel and SAs/NAs do not engage in blanket network monitoring of internal communications. However, the Army reserves the right at any time to monitor, access, retrieve, read, or disclose internal communications when a legitimate need exists that cannot be satisfied by other means pursuant to para 4-5t, below.
4-5 s.(5)As a matter of normal auditing, SAs/NAs may review web sites logs, files downloaded, ingress and egress services and similar audited or related information exchanged over connected systems. Supervisors and managers may receive reports detailing the usage of these and other internal information systems, and are responsible for determining that such usage is both reasonable and authorized.
4-5 s.(6)As a matter of normal auditing, SAs/NAs may store all files and messages through routine back ups to tape, disk, or other storage media. This means that information stored or processed, even if a user has specifically deleted it, is often recoverable and may be examined at a later date by SAs/NAs and others permitted by lawful authority.
4-5 s.(7)SA/NAs may provide assistance to Army supervisory and management personnel, under lawful authority, to examine archived electronic mail, personal computer file directories, hard disk drive files, and other information stored on ISs. This information may include personal data. Such examinations are typically performed to assure compliance with internal policies; support the performance of administrative investigations; and assist in the management and security of data and ISs.
4-5 s.(8)When IA personnel discover information during the course of their normal activity that indicates a violation of acceptable use or a possible criminal offense, they will immediately report the finding to their Commander. The commander will immediately report known or suspected criminal activity to LE and will consult with legal counsel concerning activities that appear merely to violate acceptable use. IA personnel will retain and provide information related to the matter to LE when required.
4-5 s.(9)With the exceptions of the SA/NA as identified below, Army personnel and contractors are prohibited from browsing or accessing other user's e-mail accounts. (10) The SA/NA may only intercept, retrieve, or otherwise recover an e-mail message and any attachments thereto, only under the following circumstances:
4-5 s.(9)(a)With consent (expressed or implied) of a party to the communication involved.
4-5 s.(9)(b)In response to a request for technical assistance from:
4-5 s.(9)(b)1.LE/CI personnel pursuant to a properly authorized LE/CI investigation.
4-5 s.(9)(b)2.A supervisor as part of a non-investigatory management search in accordance with paragraph 4-5t, below.
4-5 s.(9)(b)3.An investigating officer pursuant to a properly authorized administrative investigation (for example, a preliminary inquiry under Rule for Courts-Martial 303, an informal investigation under AR 15-6, or a preliminary inquiry under AR 380-5).
4-5 s.(9)(b)4. Information systems security monitoring personnel pursuant to properly authorized IS security monitoring activities.
4-5 s.(9)(b)5.Inspector General personnel pursuant to an authorized inspection, investigation, or inquiry.
4-5 s.(11)The SA/NA may remove any e-mail, file, or attachment that is interfering with the operation of an IS without consent of the originator or recipient. The SA/NA will notify the originator and recipient of such actions.
4-5 s.(12)The SA/NA is not authorized to use techniques or software to penetrate or bypass user's information protections (for example, content restrictions or read-only protections used to maintain or enforce document integrity, version control, or need-to-know enforcement).
4-5 t.Management search. In the absence of the user (for example, TDY, extended hospital stay, incapacitation, emergency operational requirement), only the SA/NA is authorized limited access to the user's files to support administrative management searches to provide the requested information as required for official purposes. When such access is requested, the SA will-
4-5 t.(1)Brief the supervisor as to the limits of accessing the user's data files.
4-5 t.(2)Limit the scope of the authorized search to those files reasonably related to the objective of the search (that is, email access would not be reasonable when searching for a word document file).
4-5 t.(3)Limit the search to the time necessary to locate the required data in the most relevant file location.
4-5 t.(4)Inform the individual of requested file access as soon as possible after such requests, and document this access in a memorandum.
4-5 t.(5)SAs/NAs will not grant unrestricted supervisory access to individual information, data files, or accounts.
4-5 t.(6)SA/NAs will not access individual information or data files unless conducting a management search, an authorized administrative search, or supporting a LE/CI authorized investigation.
4-5 t.(7)SA/NAs may conduct an authorized investigative or management search of assigned IS upon an individuals' termination of employment, death, or other permanent departure from the organization to retrieve data and files associated with the organizational mission.
4-6 IA personnel will implement controls to protect system software from compromise, unauthorized use, or manipulation.
4-6 b.The DAA, materiel developer, CIO, or IAM will document all software used for control purposes in the C&A package as a minimum.
4-6 c.PEOs, PMs, and functional proponents will require vendors seeking to support the AEI to submit Standard Form 328 (Certificate Pertaining to Foreign Interests).
4-6 d.All COTS software used on ISs will be fully licensed (under U.S. Copyright Law).
4-6 e.Incorporate IAVM compliance, patch management, IA, and AV software into contracts with software developers regardless of the software's purpose (for example, medical devices).
4-6 f.Program managers and DAA will restrict systems used or designated as "test platforms" from connecting to operational network. PM and DAAs can authorize temporary connections to conduct upgrades, download patches, or perform vulnerability scans when off-line support capabilities are insufficient and protections have been validated. Remove the "test platform" IS immediately upon completion of the action until it has been operationally accredited and is fully compliant.
4-6 g.Use of "shareware" or "freeware" is prohibited unless specifically approved through IA personnel and by the DAA for a specific operational mission requirement and length of time when no approved product exists. Notify RCIOs and the supporting RCERT/TNOSC of local software use approval.
4-6 h.Use of "open source" software (for example, Red Hat Linux) is permitted when the source code is available for examination of malicious content, applicable configuration implementation guidance is available and implemented, a protection profile is in existence, or a risk and vulnerability assessment has been conducted with mitigation strategies implemented with DAA and CCB approval and documentation in the C&A package. Notify RCIOs and the supporting RCERT/TNOSC of local software use approval.
4-6 i.Use of data assurance and operating systems integrity products (for example, public key infrastructure (PKI), Tripwire, Internet protocol security (IPSec), transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) wrappers) will be included in product development and integrated into end-state production systems.
4-6 j.IAMs and developers will transition high-risk services such as, but not limited to, ftp or telnet to secure technologies and services such as secure ftp (sftp) and secure shell (ssh).
4-6 k.Army personnel, including contractors, will not introduce classified or sensitive information into an IS until the data confidentiality level and protection level of the IS has been certified, the appropriate IS protection mechanisms are operational, and the DAA approval or waiver has been obtained. The data owner will approve entering the data, where applicable. Data will not exceed the security classification level for which the IS has been approved.
4-7 a.Databases store information and will be managed to ensure that the data is accurate, protected, accessible, and verifiable so that commanders at all levels can rely on trusted information in the decision making process. Commanders will appoint a database administrator (DBA) for each operational database.
4-7 b.The DBA will be certified through either training or experience in the database being managed.
4-7 c.The DBA will develop and implement controls to protect database management systems from unauthorized schema modifications.
4-7 d.The DBA will develop and implement access and auditing controls to protect database management systems from unauthorized accesses, queries, input or activity.
4-7 e.The DBA will conduct weekly backups of the database and schema, as a minimum, or more often as directed by the IAPM or IAM.
4-7 f.The SO will protect databases from direct Internet access using filtering and access control devices (for example, firewalls, routers, access control lists (ACLs)).
4-7 g.Data owners will identify the classification or confidentiality level of data residing in the database and special controls, access requirements, or restrictions required to be implemented by the DBA.
4-7 h.The SO will place databases on isolated and dedicated servers with restricted access controls. DBAs will not install other vulnerable servers or services (for example, web servers, ftp servers) that may compromise or permit unauthorized access of the database through another critical vulnerability identified in the additional servers or services.
4-7 i.Databases should be hosted on trusted military IS or networks. As part of the C&A process, the CA and DAA will review and approve a detailed risk management process as documented in the C&A package before operational implementation of databases located in contractor owned, operated, or managed networks.
4-7 j.Before the DAA grants an approval to operate (ATO), the following minimum requirements will be addressed in a security compliance plan:
4-7 j.(1)DBA certifications and experience in the proffered system(s) and application(s).
4-7 j.(2)Security background investigation(s) of the administrator(s) and verification procedures equivalent to the IT position held by the DBA and the classification of the system.
4-7 j.(3)Control measures for encrypted privileged-level, root, administrator, and user accesses in accordance with Army access standards.
4-7 j.(4)Control measures to protect database(s) and management systems from unauthorized queries, input, or activity for example; data input validation and exception routines.
4-7 j.(5)Control measures for database(s) and server update, management, backup, and recovery procedures.
4-7 j.(6)Control measures and procedures for audits, analysis, incident and intrusion response.
4-7 j.(7)Control measures to protect database(s) servers and interfaces from direct, unauthorized, or un-authenticated Internet access using filtering and access control devices or capabilities (for example, firewalls, routers, ACLs).
4-7 j.(8)Control measures to protect database(s) servers and interfaces from physical access threats.
4-7 j.(9)Control measures to protect database(s) servers and interfaces from logical threats.
4-7 j.(10)For contractor owned, operated, or managed databases, the contractor will conduct an initial comprehensive vulnerability assessment of the configuration, security, and network upon which the servers reside, and provide the complete results to authorized Army representatives.
4-7 j.(11)For contractor owned, operated, or managed databases, the contractor will conduct quarterly comprehensive vulnerability assessments and evaluations and furnish the results to authorized Army representatives.
4-7 k.Data owners and DBAs will implement and support DOD data/meta-data tagging requirements as initiatives, software, procedures, and methodologies are developed and implemented.
4-8 a.All information systems will be designed to meet the IA controls as identified in DODI 8500.2 and be configured in compliance with the applicable DISA STIG or baselined system with identified changes documented as part of the accreditation process.
4-8 b.All information and information-based systems will incorporate embedded software security solutions throughout the system life cycle.
4-8 c.System developers will contact CSLA during initial design to determine COMSEC device requirements (if required) in system design.
4-8 d.Before fielding, all information and information-based systems will be tested per an approved Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP) that contains current, validated threats to each IS. The systems will demonstrate successful completion of all required test and evaluation events at each acquisition decision milestone.
4-8 e.Conduct vulnerability assessments on all systems before fielding or installing systems to identify residual vulnerabilities and provide risk mitigation strategies for those vulnerabilities that are operationally required. Section III:Hardware, Firmware, and Physical Security
4-9 a.System developers will incorporate controls to protect hardware and firmware from compromise and unauthorized use, removal, access, or manipulation.
4-9 b.After initial fielding and installation of hardware or firmware, proposed additions must go through an Installation configuration management board for approval before installation and operation. The CCB Chair or responsible Information Management (IM) official will notify the DAA, Army CA, materiel developer, CIO, IAM, RCIO, DOIM, or authorized IM officer before installation and operation, as applicable. Proposed additions may require revalidation or re-accreditation of the system's security posture and accreditation approval.
4-9 c.The C&A will include an inventory of all identifiable hardware, firmware, and software that are parts of the system.
4-9 d.Maintain CM controls for all hardware and firmware test and evaluation, follow-on test and evaluation, and other related activities by the materiel developer.
4-9 e.IAPMs, IAMs, or system developers will contact CSLA to review applicable IA BPAs (both from DOD and the Army) before initiating requisition actions.
4-10 a.Clearances. Maintenance personnel will be cleared to the highest level of data handled by the IS. Clearance requirements will be included in maintenance contracts, statements of work, and specified on the DD Form 254 (Department of Defense Contract Security Classification Specification), in accordance with AR380-49, where applicable.
4-10 b.Restrictions. Escort and observe uncleared maintenance personnel at all times by a cleared and technically qualified individual. Non-U.S. citizens will not perform maintenance on ISs that process TOP SECRET (TS), Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI), Special Intelligence (SI), Single Integrated Operational Plan-Extremely Sensitive Information (SIOP-ESI), or SAP information.
4-10 c.Use of non-U.S. citizens. When non-U.S. citizens are employed to maintain ISs, address such use as a vulnerability in the risk assessment and identify and employ appropriate countermeasures.
4-10 d.Maintenance by cleared personnel. Personnel who perform maintenance on classified systems will be cleared and indoctrinated to the highest classification level of information processed on the system. Appropriately cleared maintenance personnel do not require an escort. Need-to-know requirements may be inherent to adequately perform maintenance or take corrective actions. An appropriately cleared and technically knowledgeable employee will be present or review the system during maintenance to assure adherence to security procedures.
4-10 e.Maintenance by uncleared (or lower-cleared) personnel. If cleared maintenance personnel are unavailable, individuals with the technical expertise to detect unauthorized modifications will monitor all uncleared maintenance personnel.
4-10 e.(1)Uncleared maintenance personnel will be U.S. citizens. Outside the U.S., where U.S. citizens are not available to perform maintenance, use FNs as an exception, with DAA approval and documentation in the C&A package.
4-10 e.(2)Before maintenance by uncleared personnel, the IS will-
4-10 e.(2)(a)Be completely cleared and all nonvolatile data storage media removed or physically disconnected and secured.
4-10 e.(2)(b)When a system cannot be cleared, IAM-approved procedures will be enforced to deny the uncleared individual visual and electronic access to any classified or sensitive information that is contained on the system.
4-10 e.(3)A separate, unclassified copy of the operating system (for example, a specific copy other than the copies used in processing information), including any floppy disks or cassettes that are integral to the operating system, will be used for all maintenance operations performed by uncleared personnel. The copy will be labeled "UNCLASSIFIED-FOR MAINTENANCE ONLY" and protected in accordance with procedures established in the SSAA/System Security Policy (SSP). Ensure that the media is write-protected before use in classified systems.
4-10 e.(4)Maintenance procedures for an IS using a non-removable storage device on which the operating system resides will be considered and approved by the IAM on a case-by-base basis.
4-10 e.(5)The use of commercial data recovery services will be documented in the C&A package and approved by the DAA with approval from the data owner and notification to the CIO/G-6 CISO.
4-11 a.Secure removable media that process and store classified information in an area or a container approved for safeguarding classified media per AR 380-5.
4-11 b.Establish checks and balances to reduce the risk of one individual adversely affecting system or network operations.
4-11 c.Implement physical security requirements for ISs to prevent loss, damage, or unauthorized access.
4-11 d.Prohibited storage of portable ISs or personal electronic devices (PEDs) that contain classified information in personal residences. Exceptions will follow the guidance as prescribed in AR 380-5, paragraph 7-6, and authorized as an exception only when an operational requirement exists.
4-11 e.Include facilities or spaces housing critical systems (for example, e-mail servers, web servers) as part of the physical security program and restrict access. Section IV:Procedural Security
4-12 a.Implement two-factor authentication techniques as the access control mechanism in lieu of passwords. Use CAC as the primary access credential, or biometric or single-sign on access control devices when the IS does not support CAC.
4-12 b.The IAM or designee will manage the password generation, issuance, and control process. If used, generate passwords in accordance with the BBP for Army Password Standards.
4-12 c.The holder of a password is the only authorized user of that password.
4-12 d.The use of one-time passwords is acceptable, but organizations must transition to secure access capabilities such as SSH or secure sockets layer (SSL). See remote access requirements in para 4-5d.
4-12 e.SAs will configure ISs to prevent displaying passwords in the clear unless tactical operations (for example, headsup displays while an aircraft is in flight) pose risks to life or limb.
4-12 f.IAMs will approve and manage procedures to audit password files and user accounts for weak passwords, inactivity, and change history. IAMs will conduct quarterly auditing of password files on a stand-alone or secured system with limited access.
4-12 g.Deployed and tactical systems with limited data input capabilities will incorporate password control measures to the extent possible.
4-12 h.IAMs and SAs will remove or change default, system, factory installed, function-key embedded, or maintenance passwords.
4-12 i.IAMs and SAs will prohibit automated scripts or linkage capabilities, including, but not limited to, Web site links that embed both account and authentication within the unencrypted link.
4-12 j.SAs/NAs, with DAA approval, will implement procedures for user authentication or verification before resetting passwords or unlocking accounts in accordance with the C&A package.
4-12 k.SAs/NAs will conduct weekly auditing of service accounts for indications of misuse.
4-12 l.The use of password generating software or devices is authorized as a memory aid when it randomly generates and enforces password length, configuration, and expiration requirements; protects from unauthorized disclosure through authentication or access controls; and presents a minimal or acceptable risk level in its use.
4-13 a.All Army personnel and contractors will protect and restrict access to all documentation (for example, maps, test and evaluation results, vulnerability assessments, audits, results, or findings) describing operational IS architectures, designs, configurations, vulnerabilities, address listings, or user information. This information is a minimum of FOUO and will not be made publicly accessible. Evaluate Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests for such documents in these categories on a case-by-case basis.
4-13 b.All information or IS responses that document or display specific vulnerabilities of a system or network that would aid attempts by an adversary to compromise those critical systems or networks are OPSEC sensitive and will be protected, controlled, marked, or stored at the appropriate classification level for the system concerned. This information will not be made publicly available.
4-13 c.Protect and restrict access to information that is a collection of interrelated processes, systems, and networks that provides information on IA services throughout the Army; the KMI; or the incident detection and response infrastructure, capabilities, or configuration. This information should be marked FOUO and may be exempt from mandatory release pursuant to the FOIA. Coordinate with your servicing FOIA or Privacy Act office and servicing judge advocate or legal advisor before releasing or deciding to withhold such information. Section V:Personnel Security
4-14 a.Basic requirements.
4-14 a.(1)Personnel requiring access to ISs to fulfill their duties must possess the required favorable security investigation, security clearance, or formal access approvals, and fulfill any need-to-know requirements.
4-14 a.(2)IT-I is-
4-14 a.(2)(a)Defined as personnel in IA positions (for example, SAs/NAs for infrastructure devices, IDSs, VPNs, routers; SAs/NAs for classified systems and devices) with privileged-level access to control, manage, or configure IA tools or devices, individual and networked IS and devices, and enclaves.
4-14 a.(2)(b)Favorable completion of a National Agency Check (NAC) (current within 180 days).
4-14 a.(2)(c)Initiation of a Single Scope Background Investigation (SSBI) and favorable review of SF85P, SF 86, and Supplemental Questionnaire.
4-14 a.(3)IT-II is-
4-14 a.(3)(a)Defined as personnel in IA positions (for example, operating system administration of common network applications or enclaves, back-up operators) with limited privileged-level access to control, manage, or configure ISs and devices, with very limited (single device) or no IA device access or management.
4-14 a.(3)(b)A favorable review of local personnel, base/military, medical, and other security records as appropriate.
4-14 a.(3)(c)Initiation of a National Agency Check with Credit Check and Written Inquiries (NACIC) (for civilians) or a National Agency Check with Local Agency and Credit Checks (NACLC) (for military and contractors), as appropriate or favorable review of SF85P and Supplemental Questionnaire.
4-14 a.(4)IT-III is-
4-14 a.(4)(a)Defined as-
4-14 a.(4)(a)1.Personnel in IA positions, for example, power users or a SA on individual systems for configuration or management with limited privileged-level access to that IS(s) or device(s). This is a position of higher trust.
4-14 a.(4)(a)2.Personnel with roles, responsibilities, and access authorization of normal users with non-privileged level access to the IS or device.
4-14 a.(4)(a)3.Personnel with non-privileged level access authorization in the role of official or statutory volunteers. The provisions for statutory volunteers are covered in AR 608-1.
4-14 a.(4)(b)A favorable review of local personnel, base and military, medical, and other security records, as appropriate.
4-14 a.(4)(c)Initiation of a NACIC (for civilians) or national agency check (NAC) (for military and contractors), as appropriate and favorable review of SF85P and Supplemental Questionnaire.
4-14 a.(5)IT-IV is-
4-14 a.(5)(a)Defined as personnel in non-IT positions that are temporary, intermittent, or seasonal, for example, unofficial volunteers or summer hire positions, requiring restricted user-level access to unclassified, non-sensitive ISs only.
4-14 a.(5)(b)Individual completes SF85-P and supplemental questionnaire.
4-14 a.(5)(c)A favorable review of local personnel, base/military, medical, and other security records as appropriate. This investigation does not require submission to OPM.
4-14 a.(5)(d)A favorable recommendation by the organization security manager, DAA, Commander, and installation commander, with notification to the RCIO/FCIO.
4-14 b.Personnel security controls.
4-14 b.(1)Personnel security controls, both technical and non-technical (for example, separation of duties, least privilege access, identification and authentication (I&A), digital signatures, and audits), will be incorporated into the IS and IS procedures, as appropriate.
4-14 b.(2)Individuals assigned to IT-I, IT-II, or IT-III positions who lose their clearance, or have access to classified systems suspended pending the results of an investigation, will be barred access to the ISs until favorable adjudication of that investigation. Waivers for continued access to unclassified systems will be justified in a written request, with the Commander's concurrence, to the DAA for approval. Access will be granted only upon DAA authorization. This request and approval will become part of the C&A package. Users designated in IT-I positions will be removed from these positions and this denial of access is non-waiverable.
4-14 b.(3)Waivers processed for IT-II and IT-III personnel only are valid for a period not to exceed 6 months. If a second waiver extension is required, one may be granted as long as a new request for waiver is submitted to the DAA and approved by the first general officer, or equivalent in position or civilian grade, in the Chain of Command.
4-14 b.(4)While the Commander and DAA have the discretion to process the waiver for IT-II and IT-III, it is important that this discretion is not without limits. The Commander and DAA are advised to proceed carefully and deliberately in making a determination on whether the individual constitutes a security risk. The IT-II/IT-III roles must be highly supervised. Any access to protective devices (for example, firewalls, VPNs, intrusion detection systems (IDSs), IPSs, and so on) will be prohibited until favorable adjudication.
4-14 b.(5)The servicing legal office should be consulted for advice concerning personnel, security, contract and labor relations issues that may impact the final determination. Recheck local records to identify any issues that may be a deciding factor in the waiver process.
4-14 b.(6)New, credible derogatory information revokes any standing waiver and results in immediate denial of access to IT systems (exceptions are for military only based on immediate supervision of the individual while on the IS).
4-14 b.(7)Contractor, FN or temporary individuals assigned to any IT positions who have their unclassified system or network accesses revoked or suspended for derogatory reasons, will be barred access to the ISs until favorable adjudication of that investigation. The organization's IASO/IANO/IAM (as appropriate) will identify any other official systems/networks for which that individual has an account (for example, AKO) and have it temporarily disabled or suspended.
4-14 b.(8)The required investigation levels for an IT-I position are outlined below in table 4-2.
4-14 c.Access by non-U.S. citizens.
4-14 c.(1)Minimize employment of non-U.S. citizens in IT positions. However, compelling reasons may exist to grant access to DOD IT resources in those circumstances in which a non-U.S. citizen possesses a unique or unusual skill or expertise that is urgently needed for a specific DOD requirement and for which a suitable U.S. citizen is not available. Written compelling-reason justification, documentation in the C&A package, and DAA approval are required.
4-14 c.(2)Access to sensitive information by a non-U.S. citizen who is not a DOD employee will only be permitted in accordance with applicable disclosure policies (for example, National Disclosure Policy 1, DODD 5230.9, DODD 5230.25) and U.S. statutes (for example, the Arms Export Control Act, 22 USC 2551, et. seq.).
4-14 c.(3)If information to which the incumbent will have access is authorized for foreign disclosure, non-U.S. citizens assigned to DOD IT positions are subject to the investigative requirements outlined below.
4-14 c.(4)Non-U.S. citizens may hold IT positions under the conditions described in the paragraphs below and if the DAA that accredited the system and the data owners approve the assignment requirements in writing. The written approval must be on file and provided as an artifact to the C&A package, before requesting the required investigation. The required investigation must be completed and favorably adjudicated before authorizing access to DOD systems or networks. Interim access is prohibited.
4-14 c.(5)Assignment (including assignments due to accretion of duties) of current DOD employees, military personnel, consultants, and contractors to positions with different responsibilities or changed access privileges requires verification of the appropriate investigative basis and authority for holding a position of that level of sensitivity.
4-14 d.Interim assignments.
4-14 d.(1)Individuals including temporary, intermittent, or seasonal personnel--may be assigned to unclassified IT II and IT-III positions on an interim basis before a favorable completion of the required personnel security investigation only after the conditions specified have been met.
4-14 d.(1)(a)Individual completes SF85-P and supplemental questionnaire.
4-14 d.(1)(b)A favorable recommendation by the organization security manager, Commander or Director, DAA, and Installation Commander, with RCIO/FCIO notification.
4-14 d.(1)(c)Initiation of security investigation has been submitted or is pending adjudication.
4-14 d.(1)(d)Interim access is not authorized for non-U.S. citizens.
4-14 d.(2)The security manager at the requesting activity will make interim assignment approvals for civilian and military personnel.
4-14 d.(3)The Government sponsor's security manager or official will make the approval for volunteer access.
4-14 d.(4)The interim assignment of contractor personnel fulfilling IT positions will be restricted and implemented only upon documentation in the C&A package and acceptance of the DAA and the Contracting Officer evaluations on a case-by-case basis.
4-14 e.Adjudication.
4-14 e.(1)The provisions of this section apply only to contractor personnel. (Civilian employees, military personnel, consultants, volunteers, and seasonal, part-time, and intermittent employees will be favorably adjudicated by the appropriate DOD central adjudication facility.)
4-14 e.(2)OPM will adjudicate investigations for a trustworthiness determination using the national adjudicative guidelines for access to classified information. If the adjudication is favorable, OPM will issue a letter of trustworthiness to the requesting activity.
4-14 e.(3)If a favorable trustworthiness is indeterminate, OPM will forward the case to the Defense Office of Hearings and Appeals (DOHA) in Columbus, OH, for further processing under DODD 5220.6. A final unfavorable decision precludes assignment to an IT-I, II, or III position.
4-14 e.(4)Enter all OPM IT trustworthiness determinations of DOD contractor personnel into the OPM Security/Suitability Investigative Index (SII).
4-14 f.Reinvestigation. Individuals occupying an IT position will be subject to a periodic reinvestigation according to existing contract, labor relations, or personnel security policy.
4-15 a.To ensure standardized and appropriate access to the Unclassified but Sensitive Internet Protocol Routing Network (NIPRNET) by foreign officials, IA personnel will meet the requirements delineated below. Provide each authorized foreign official a .mil address on the unclassified network required for executing his or her foreign official duties as outlined in his or her respective certification. For each authorized foreign official, the local area network administrator will place a caveat or marker on the user account and all outgoing e-mails from that person identifying them as a foreign official from a specific country. In doing so, the local area network administrator will spell out the words "Foreign Official" and the country name of the foreign official and will not use an acronym for that country. In addition, the local area administrator will indicate the type of foreign official access that is granted. The required tags for each of the five categories of foreign officials would thus read as shown below (replace each hypothetical country name with the appropriate one).
4-15 a.(1)Foreign liaison officer (FLO): "Last Name, First Name Middle Initial-Foreign National-Germany-FLO." (Note: Local area network administrators will designate FLOs representing the United Kingdom, Canada, or Australia as STANREPs rather than as FLOs.)
4-15 a.(2)Cooperative Program personnel (CPP): "Last Name, First Name Middle Initial-Foreign National-Turkey-CPP".
4-15 a.(3)Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program (ESEP): "Last Name, First Name Middle Initial-Foreign National-Israel-ESEP".
4-15 a.(4)Standardization representative (STANREP): "Last Name, First Name Middle Initial-Foreign National-United Kingdom-STANREP".
4-15 a.(5)Military Personnel Exchange Program (MPEP): "Last Name, First Name Middle Initial-Foreign National-Italy-MPEP".
4-15 b.Limit access to foreign officials, exchange personnel, or representatives to computers that incorporate Army mandated access and auditing controls. Approval to access the NIPRNET does not equate to authority to exchange data or access systems located on that network. The appropriate system DAA will approve access to foreign officials on an as needed basis and updating the documentation in the C&A package. Similarly, the designated release or disclosure authority will grant access to the information on ISs to foreign officials on an as-needed basis.
4-15 c.E-mail signature blocks will be automatically generated for all foreign personnel, and include the foreign individual's nationality and position.
4-15 d.If the organization where a foreign official is certified determines there is a need for the foreign official to have access to the NIPRNET beyond e-mail access (for example, an AKO account), submit an exception to policy through the DAA to the RCIO IAPM, to be forwarded to the CIO/G6. The approval will become part of the C&A package for the IS. This includes individuals granted access prior to the publication of this regulation. Commands will immediately evaluate each case and forward their exception recommendation. The exception will be reviewed by the appropriate HQDA Program Manager and the NETCOM/9th SC (A) OIA&C prior to disposition. The exception must include the following information--
4-15 d.(1)Request from the Commander that states the need to know, tied to the foreign official's certification and Delegation of Disclosure Authority Letter (DDL).
4-15 d.(2)Statements from the installation and command's IAM stating proper security procedures are in place. The DCS, G-2, Foreign Disclosure and Security Directorate will also review the exception before final disposition.
4-15 e.Official access to information residing on an IS or network will be limited to that controlled but unclassified information required to fulfill the terms of the contract or agreement provided minimum security requirements of this section are met.
4-15 f.Disclosure of classified military information to foreign governments and international organizations is limited and will be in accordance with AR 380-10, DODD 5230.11, and CJCSI 5221.01B.
4-15 g.International Military Students (IMS) who have been vetted and approved for U.S. Army training and Professional Military Education (PME) attending resident training or enrolled in the Army Distance Education Program (DEP) at U.S. Army and Army-managed schools/training activities will agree to comply with all U.S. MILDEP requirements. They are required to sign an AUP user agreement. There is no requirement for background investigations as described since in-country U.S. officials perform a security screening of each student before selection approval. To prevent inadvertent disclosure of information, international military students will be identified as students in their email address, display name and automated signature block (for example, john.i.smith.uk.stu@xxx.army.mil).
4-15 h.NIPRNET access policy and procedures for FNs in non-official positions as identified above, are as follows:
4-15 h.(1)Components or organizations will maintain records on access including the following information-
4-15 h.(1)(a)Specific mission requirements for foreign access or connection.
4-15 h.(1)(b)Justification for each individual FN.
4-15 h.(1)(c)Confirmation that the minimum-security requirements of this section are enacted, including the user agreement discussed below.
4-15 h.(2)Before authorizing FN access to a specific IS on the NIPRNET or the Secret Internet Protocol Routing Network (SIPRNET), Army components will-
4-15 h.(2)(a)Ensure the information is properly processed for disclosure.
4-15 h.(2)(b)Ensure DAAs and data owners concur with the access.
4-15 h.(2)(c)Ensure the C&A documentation for the system is updated to reflect FN access.
4-15 h.(2)(d)Ensure security measures employed adhere to this policy.
4-15 h.(2)(e)Validate the identity of each FN authorized access to ISs to ensure accountability of all actions taken by the foreign user.
4-15 h.(2)(f)Ensure the FN follows appropriate security policies and procedures and that the IASO possesses the authority to enforce these policies and procedures. Before accessing any system, an FN will sign an AUP agreement that includes-
4-15 h.(2)(f)1.Acknowledgment of appropriate information security policies, procedures, and responsibilities.
4-15 h.(2)(f)2.The consequences of not adhering to security procedures and responsibilities.
4-15 h.(2)(f)3.Identification requirements when dealing with others through oral, written, and electronic communications, such as e-mail.
4-15 h.(2)(f)4.Department of the Army employees or contractors who are FNs and are direct or indirect hires, currently appointed in IA positions, may continue in these positions provided they satisfy the provisions of paragraph 4-14, DODD 8500.1, DODI 8500.2, and DOD 5200.2-R; are under the supervision of an IAM who is a U.S. citizen; and are approved in writing by the DAA and captured in the C&A package.
4-15 h.(2)(f)5.FNs assigned into IT positions will be subject to the same (or equivalent) vetting as U.S. citizens.
4-15 h.(2)(f)6.FNs may hold or be authorized access to IT-II and IT-III positions provided the required background investigation has been completed or favorably adjudicated.
4-15 h.(2)(f)7.Additionally, an FN may be assigned to an IT-I position only after the DAA who owns the system and the data owner who owns the information sign a waiver and the assignment has been approved by the CIO/G-6. The approvals will become part of the C&A package. Sign and place the waiver in the individual's security file before requesting the required background investigation. The required background investigation must be completed and favorably adjudicated before authorizing IT-I access to DA systems/networks.
4-15 h.(2)(f)8.Do not assign FNs to IT-I, IT-II, or IT-III positions on an interim basis before a favorable adjudication of the required personnel security investigation.
4-15 i.Generally, an FN or official representative is not authorized access to the U.S. controlled SIPRNET terminal workspace. If an authorized foreign official or national working at a U.S. Army site has a requirement for accessing the SIPRNET, the commander will submit an exception to policy through the DAA to the RCIO IAPM, to be forwarded to the HQDA CIO/G-6, and reviewed by the DCS, G-2 Foreign Disclosure Directorate prior to disposition. CIO/G-6 will coordinate the request with the Army staff and forward to DISA. These requests will be staffed with the presumption of denial. Apply the procedures of this section after DISA's approval and any additional guidance provided by DISA on the connection process for FNs. E-mail signature blocks will be automatically generated for all FNs, and include the foreign individual's nationality and position. The approvals will become part of the C&A package. Section VI:Information Systems Media
4-16 a.All IS equipment and facilities used for processing, handling, and storing classified data will be operated and secured where applicable per the DCID 6/3, AR 380-5, this regulation, or Joint DODIIS Cryptologic SCI Information Systems Security Standards (JDCSISSS).
4-16 b.All Army personnel and contractors will mark, ship, store, process, and transmit classified or sensitive information in accordance with AR 380-5.
4-16 c.Control ISs containing non-removable, non-volatile media used for processing classified information.
4-16 d.Commanders, Directors, and IA personnel will verify procedures and train users, administrators and security personnel in processes for spillage incidents of higher-level or classified information to a lower-level IS.
4-16 e.SAs will configure ISs to apply security or handling markings automatically when possible or available.
4-16 f.SAs will configure ISs to display the classification level on the desktop or login screen (for example, wallpaper, splash screen) when the device is locked, the user is logged off, or the IS is used in spanning multiclassification networks through the use of a KVM device.
4-16 g.All Army personnel and contractors will not transmit classified information over any communication system unless using approved security procedures and practices including, encryption, secure networks, secure workstations, and ISs accredited at the appropriate classification level.
4-17 a.Unless write-protected or read-only, all personnel will protect and classify media inserted into a system at the highest level the system is accredited to process until the data or media is reviewed and downgraded by the IASO.
4-17 b.All personnel will clear removable media before reusing in ISs operating at the same or higher protection level.
4-17 c.All personnel will mark and control all media devices, peripherals, and ISs as follows:
4-17 c.(1)TS or SCI or intelligence data per DCID 6/3, DCID 1/7 and JDCSISSS as applicable.
4-17 c.(2)Classified media per AR 380-5 requirements.
4-17 c.(3)FOUO media per AR 25-55 requirements.
4-17 c.(4)Privacy Act media per AR 340-21 requirements.
4-17 c.(5)NATO information per AR 380-5 requirements.
4-17 d.All personnel will mark and control the media or IS after determination of the classification level of the data placed on the media. Implement media accountability procedures based on the type of media and the classification of the data as required above.
4-18 a.Procedures for disposition of unclassified hard-drive media outside DOD custody will follow current guidelines addressed in the published BBP.
4-18 b.All personnel will purge media before reuse in a different environment than the one in which they were previously used (new users without a need-to-know for the original data) or with data at a different classification or sensitivity level or when the drives have met the end of their life cycle. Ensure custodial equipment transfer requirements are accomplished. IA personnel will verify that personnel are trained on local procedures. Purging electronic media does not declassify the media, as declassification is an administrative process.
4-18 c.IA personnel will conduct random security inspections for violations of removable media physical security measures quarterly.
4-18 d.IA personnel will purge unclassified media before consideration for release outside DOD control.
4-18 e.IA personnel will destroy media that has ever contained NSA Type 1 cryptographic or COMSEC materiel at end of life cycle in accordance with approved destruction processes.
4-18 f.IA personnel will destroy SCI media at end of life cycle in accordance with DCID 6/3 for DODIIS systems and NSA 130-1 and 130-2 for NSA Cryptologic systems in accordance with approved destruction processes.
4-18 g.IA personnel will destroy media that contained classified material or was involved in a classified spillage incident at end of life cycle in accordance with approved destruction processes.
4-18 h.When it is more cost effective, or to ensure absolute security, destroy media instead of purging or declassifying in accordance with approved destruction processes.
4-18 i.The IAM will establish procedures to periodically verify the results of any purging and IS release processes.
4-18 j.Spillage recovery procedures for data from higher-classified information to lower-classified systems are addressed in a separately published BBP. Section VII:Network Security
4-19 a.Organizations requiring a cross-domain solution must first complete the information on the GIAP Web site (https://giap.disa.smil.mil).
4-19 b.Organizations requiring a cross-domain solution will also contact the NETCOM/9th SC (A) Information Assurance Directorate, Cross-Domain Solutions Office to provide notification of the cross-domain process initiation.
4-19 c.The cross-domain process follows the DIACAP and requires that networks be fully certified and accredited and that all associated security devices be certified, tested, and evaluated (CT&E) in accordance with the NSA compliance standards. Approved standardized cross-domain solutions will be acquired through CSLA. Non-standard solutions will require an extensive engineering effort.
4-19 d.All Army organizations that maintain connections between networks of different classification levels must annually revalidate their connections in accordance with the SIPRNET DAA directives. Contact the SIPRNET Connection Approval Office for current guidance and requirements.
4-19 e.Manage all interconnections of DOD ISs to continuously minimize community risk by ensuring that one system is not undermined by vulnerabilities of other interconnected systems and that one system does not undermine other systems. All ISs within interconnected (or trusted networks) will meet networthiness certification.
4-20 a.Procedures. Commanders will establish procedures to manage and control access to all ISs, networks, and network equipment to ensure integrity, confidentiality, availability, non-repudiation, and authentication, regardless of classification level.
4-20 b.Requirements. Positive IA measures ensure all users satisfy the requirements specified before granting an individual access (including dial-up services and Internet access) to DOD and Army networks, systems, and standalone computers.
4-20 b.(1)Individual. Commanders will verify and IA personnel will deny physical and logical access to individuals who cannot meet access requirements.
4-20 b.(2)Proponents. Proponents for programs that require network services for family members, retirees, and other individuals serviced at Army installations for example, unofficial recreational activities; libraries; education centers; or Army-Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES) kiosks, should arrange for services through a commercial Internet service provider (ISP) or other isolated connection capability. Proponents will coordinate with the installation DOIM for service and the IAM for IA requirements. These connections are unofficial communications and will be isolated either logically or physically from official DOD and Army NIPRNET networks.
4-20 b.(3)MWR garrison activities. MWR garrison activities dependent upon the Installation LAN for network connectivity in accordance with DODI 1015.10 and AR 215-1 to provide Executive Control & Essential Command Supervision (ECECS) in support of the Commanders Fiduciary responsibility, are authorized the use of NIPRNET connectivity to support Commander's MWR activities. Published BBPs describe the standards for acceptable connectivity and IA security requirements.
4-20 b.(4)JIM networks. JIM networks that have NETCOM/9th SC (A) provided connectivity will implement the most restrictive and isolating configuration and implementation management principles (inclusive of, but not limited to, separate enclaves and identifications, and tunneled or dedicated connectivity) to those that are absolutely required for military or support operations as necessary and in compliance with IA requirements in this and other applicable regulations. In order to be entirely separate, JIM networks must not-
4-20 b.(4)(a)Utilize Army IP numbering for their end users, servers or network devices.
4-20 b.(4)(b)Utilize army.mil as their logical extension.
4-20 b.(4)(c)Connect to any local Army network on Army installations.
4-20 b.(4)(d)Require Army network and systems management, systems administration, or maintenance and repair support as a standard level of service.
4-20 b.(4)(e)Require Army to provide security oversight, management, or services from the Army as a standard level of service.
4-20 b.(4)(f)Report IAVM compliance through Army channels.
4-20 b.(4)(g)Receive Army funding for implementation at the location.
4-20 c.Restrictions. Supervisors and managers will-
4-20 c.(1)Ensure transmission of classified or sensitive information via applicable secure means.
4-20 c.(2)Authorize commercial ISP accounts per chapter 6, AR 25-1.
4-20 c.(3)Ensure there are no cross-connections directly between the Internet and NIPRNET of ISs. For example do not permit a modem connection (for example, multi-functional devices such as copier/fax/printer combinations) to a commercial ISP or service while the IS is also connected to the NIPRNET. NIPRNET connected systems will have this function disabled.
4-20 c.(4)Permit direct connections to the Internet to support electronic commerce when those systems will not connect to the NIPRNET or the SIPRNET.
4-20 d.Security protection between enclaves. (that portion of the network outside the installation's or activity's controls). Commanders and IA Personnel will utilize the following processes on routers, switches, firewalls, and other networking devices to provide protection from external networks.
4-20 d.(1)Firewalls. Configure firewalls with least-privilege access controls. Layer firewalls at the boundaries between border and external networks and as needed throughout the architecture to improve the level of assurance. NETCOM/9th SC (A) will approve firewall implementation guidance for use within the Army. Every information system should be protected by either an approved host-based or network-based (enclave) firewall.
4-20 d.(2)Access control lists. Update and manage access control lists (ACLs) through secure mechanisms and incorporate a "deny all, permit by exception" (DAPE) policy enforcement.
4-20 d.(3)Network configurations. IA personnel will implement network configurations to remove or block any unnecessary or unauthorized services, software, protocols, and applications such as: LanMan, gaming software, Gnutella, IRC, ICQ, Instant Messaging, peer-to-peer.
4-20 d.(4)Ports, Protocols, and Services Management (PPSM). Permit only ports, protocols, and services (PPS) as authorized. The Commander and network management personnel will:
4-20 d.(4)(a)Restrict enterprise and enclave boundary firewalls and firewall-like devices to the usage of approved PPS in accordance with the DODI 8551.1 on PPSM. DOD considers PPSs not listed on the DOD PPS TAG list as "deny by default."
4-20 d.(4)(b)PPSs designated as "high-risk" are unacceptable for routine use. Prohibit high-risk PPSs unless expressly approved for a specific implementation with defined conditions and risk mitigation strategies.
4-20 d.(4)(c)PPSs designated as "medium-risk" have an acceptable level of risk for routine use when used with required mitigation strategies.
4-20 d.(4)(d)PPSs designated as "low-risk" are recommended as best security practices and advocated for use by Army developers in future systems and applications. Not all low-risk PPSs are acceptable under all implementations and may require approval.
4-20 d.(4)(e)The goal of NETCOM/9th SC (A) is the migration systems that use high- and medium-risk PPSs to low-risk PPSs as part of its life cycle management processes through system redesign while maintaining current standards-based applications and requirements (for example, port 21 for ftp, port 80 for Web).
4-20 d.(4)(f)NETCOM/9th SC (A) is responsible for PPS management and will approve and publish Armywide mitigation strategies for PPSs.
4-20 d.(5)Domain name service (DNS). TNOSCs will monitor DNS servers for compliance and adherence to DNS policies. Owning organizations will provide host-based intrusion detection monitoring for these servers.
4-20 d.(6)Virtual private networks (VPNs). Virtual private networks will require approval to connect and operate from the RCIO using NETCOM/9th SC (A) CCB-approved and published implementation processes (when implemented) after documenting a well-defined acceptable use policy, security concept of operations, an SSAA risk analysis and management plan, and Networthiness certification, before implementation.
4-20 d.(7)Storage area configurations. As developing technologies (for example, storage area networks, collaborative environments, data sharing technologies, web-casting, or real/near-real time distribution capabilities) are implemented, they must incorporate secure IA principles. Minimum requirements include, but are not limited to the listed below requirements. Network management personnel will-
4-20 d.(7)(a)Obtain approval for C&A, CAP, and Networthiness.
4-20 d.(7)(b)Use approved NETCOM/9th SC (A) configuration-management implemented processes.
4-20 d.(7)(c)Secure the information at rest and in transit and ensure that the configuration does not introduce additional risks or vulnerabilities.
4-20 d.(7)(d)Use secure communication and access protocols.
4-20 d.(7)(e)Implement security controls and validate all user supplied input.
4-20 d.(7)(f)Implement extranet connections through a multi-tiered and layered approach requiring separate and distinct servers across the environment for each tier, and minimally include-
4-20 d.(7)(f)1.User access tier, usually through a Web site that offers static pages and will be SSL enabled as a minimum.
4-20 d.(7)(f)2.Application tier, authenticates authorized users, access, and interfaces between the user and the data.
4-20 d.(7)(f)3.Protection of the database or data tier (for example, flat files, e-mail), information that is accessed by the application on behalf of the user.
4-20 d.(7)(g)Incorporate firewalls, filtering, protective, and monitoring devices (for example, IPSs, IDSs) at each enclave layer.
4-20 d.(7)(h)Employ encryption, single-sign-on, tokens, or DOD authorized digital certificates equivalent to the level of data accessed or available and adequately passed through the application server to access the data requested.
4-20 d.(7)(i)Employ data separation and authentication "need to know" measures and requirements.
4-20 e.Protection of internal networks. (portion of the network that is directly controlled by the installation or activity). Network management personnel will:
4-20 e.(1)Establish trusts in accordance with the installation C&A. There will be no trusted relationships established with any other domains or networks until both are Networthiness certified and approved by the respective DAAs and documented in the C&A package.
4-20 e.(1)(a)The DAAs of the participating ISs and the DAA of the overall network (if designated) will sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). The MOU becomes an artifact to the C&A package.
4-20 e.(1)(b)The DAA's approval will include a description of the classification and categories of information that can be sent over the respective networks.
4-20 e.(2)Connection between accredited ISs must be consistent with the confidentiality level and any other restrictions imposed by the accredited ISs. Unless the IS is accredited for multilevel operations and can reliably separate and label data, the IS is assumed to be transmitting the highest level of data present on the system during network connection.
4-20 e.(3)Employ identification, authentication, and encryption technologies when accessing network devices.
4-20 e.(4)Employ layered protective, filtering, and monitoring devices (for example, firewalls, IDSs) at enclave boundaries, managed access points, and key connection points.
4-20 e.(5)Scan all installation assets and devices, implement protective measures, and report non-compliance to RCIOs/FCIOs as required (minimum is semi-annual).
4-20 e.(6)Proxy all Internet accesses through centrally managed access points and isolate from other DOD or ISs by physical or technical means.
4-20 f.E-mail security. All personnel will use e-mail systems for transmission of communications equivalent to or less than the classification level of the IS.
4-20 f.(1)IA personnel will-
4-20 f.(1)(a)Promote security awareness. Train users to scan all attachments routinely before opening or downloading any file from e-mail.
4-20 f.(1)(b)Configure ISs to use encryption when available or as part of the global enterprise to secure the content of the email to meet the protection requirements of the data.
4-20 f.(1)(c)Implement physical security measures for any information media and servers.
4-20 f.(1)(d)Install and configure antiviral and protective software on e-mail servers and client workstations.
4-20 f.(1)(e)Warn users to treat unusual e-mail messages the same way they treat unsolicited or unusual parcels; with caution.
4-20 f.(1)(f)Use digital signatures to authenticate a message as needed (non-repudiation).
4-20 f.(1)(g)Configure ISs to prevent opening attachments or executing active code directly from mail applications.
4-20 f.(2)Personnel will not share their personally assigned e-mail accounts.
4-20 f.(3)Commanders and Directors may allow the limited use of organizational or group e-mail accounts where operationally warranted.
4-20 f.(4)E-mail passwords will differ from the network password when used, until a global PKI initiative is available.
4-20 f.(5)All personnel will employ Government owned or provided e-mail systems or devices for official communications. The use of commercial ISP or e-mail accounts for official purposes is prohibited.
4-20 f.(6)Auto-forwarding of official mail to non-official accounts or devices is prohibited.
4-20 f.(7)Permit communications to vendors or contractors for official business and implement encryption and control measures appropriate for the sensitivity of the information transmitted.
4-20 f.(8)IA Personnel will configure systems so that authorized users who are contractors, DOD direct or indirect hires, FNs, foreign representatives, seasonal or temporary hires, and volunteers have their respective affiliations or positions displayed as part of their official accounts and e-mail addresses.
4-20 g.Internet, Intranet, Extranet, and WWW security.
4-20 g.(1)AR 25-1 outlines requirements and policy on the use of Government-owned or leased computers for access to the Internet.
4-20 g.(2)Users are authorized to download programs, graphics, and textual information to a Government-owned IS as long as doing so does not violate Federal and state law, regulations, acceptable use, and local policies (for example, CM, IA).
4-20 g.(3)Government-owned or leased ISs will not use commercial ISPs (for example, CompuServe, America on Line, Prodigy) as service providers, unless a Government-acquired subscription to such services is in place and the access is for official business or meets the criteria for authorized personal use as indicated in AR 25-1, paragraph 6-1.
4-20 g.(4)Network management and IA personnel will implement appropriate access, filtering, and security controls (for example, firewalls, restriction by IP address).
4-20 g.(5)Network management and IA personnel will implement and enforce local area management access and security controls. Publicly accessible web sites will not be installed or run under a privileged-level account on any web server. Non-public web servers will be similarly configured unless operationally required to run as a privileged account, and appropriate risk mitigation procedures have been implemented.
4-20 g.(6)Commercial ISP services are authorized to support those organizations identified in paragraph 4-20b(2), above, and no cross or direct connectivity to the NIPRNET will exist or be implemented.
4-20 g.(7)All personnel will protect information not authorized to be released for public disclosure.
4-20 g.(8)Extranet and intranet servers will provide adequate encryption and user authentication.
4-20 g.(9)Extranet servers and access will be approved through the installation IAM, documented in the C&A package, and approved by the appropriate DAA.
4-20 g.(10)Network managers and IA personnel will configure all servers (including Web servers) that are connected to publicly accessible computer networks such as the Internet, or protected networks such as the SIPRNET, to employ access and security controls (for example, firewalls, routers, host-based IDSs) to ensure the integrity, confidentiality, accessibility, and availability of DOD ISs and data.
4-20 g.(11)Commanders and supervisors will comply with Federal, DOD, and DA Web site administration policies and implementing content-approval procedures that include OPSEC and PAO reviews before updating or posting information on all Web sites.
4-20 g.(12)Network managers and IA personnel will protect publicly accessible Army Web sites by placing them behind an Army reverse Web proxy server. The reverse proxy server acts as a proxy from the intranet to the protected server, brokering service requests on behalf of the external user or server. This use of a reverse proxy server provides a layer of protection against Web page defacements by preventing direct connections to Army Web servers.
4-20 g.(13)Publicly accessible Web sites not protected behind a reverse Web proxy (until moved) will be on a dedicated server in a DMZ, with all unnecessary services, processes, or protocols disabled or removed. Remove all sample or tutorial applications, or portions thereof, from the operational server. Supporting RCERTs and TNOSCs will conduct periodic vulnerability assessments on all public servers and may direct blocking of the site dependent on the inherent risk of identified vulnerabilities. Commanders or assigned IAMs will correct identified deficiencies.
4-20 g.(14)All private (non-public) Army Web sites that restrict access with password protection or specific address filtering will implement SSL protocols utilizing a Class 3 DOD PKI certificate as a minimum. NETCOM/9th SC (A) issues and manages these certificates.
4-20 g.(15)Commanders will conduct annual OPSEC reviews of all organizational Web sites and include these results in their annual OPSEC reports pursuant to AR 530-1.
4-20 g.(16)To verify compliance with Federal, DOD, and DA Web site administration policies, procedures, and best practices, the AWRAC will continuously review the content of publicly accessible U.S. Army Web sites to ensure compliance. (See also AR 25-1 for Web site administrative policies.) AWRAC will provide results from these assessments to commanders for corrective actions.
4-20 h.Approved keyboard, video, mouse (KVM) (keyboard, monitor, mouse (KMM)) switches. These devices are primarily introduced to achieve a reduction of hardware on the desktop and do not provide any IA features.
4-20 h.(1)These devices are not authorized for use for cross-domain interoperability (NIPRNET-to-SIPRNET or SIPRNET-to-NIPRNET guarding solution) network connections. See BBPs documentation on the CIO/G-6 IA Web site for approved items and implementation guidelines (https://informationassurance.us.army.mil).
4-20 h.(2)IA personnel will configure systems to utilize screen-saver lockout mechanisms for KVM/KMM switch environments approved by the DAA.
4-20 i.Information assurance tools. All personnel will use only IA security software listed on the IA tools list on Army systems and networks. The list of Army approved IA tools is available through the IA Web site. Requests for consideration and approval for additional security software packages to be added to the IA tools list must be submitted through NETCOM/9th SC (A) channels ATTN: NETC-EST-I, ATTN: OIA&C to CIO/G-6.
4-20 i.(1)Installation IAM-designated and Army-certified IA personnel may conduct tests under stringent conditions coordinated with the installation DOIM, IAM, TNOSC, and RCERT, at a minimum.
4-20 i.(2)RCIO IAPM approval, and advance notification of the servicing RCERT and TNOSC, is required before certified IA personnel may utilize public domain vulnerability assessment tools (for example, Nessus, Nmap, Saint, or Titan).
4-20 i.(3)Organizational IA personnel are prohibited from conducting penetration testing attempts on ISs utilizing unauthorized hacker tools or techniques. This restriction is applicable to operational networks and does not apply to those personnel or techniques used in a testing environment for C&A, vulnerability assessments of developmental systems, or used in a training environment for personnel certifications on isolated networks.
4-20 i.(4)Organizational IAMs can request penetration testing of their networks. Subordinate organizations may request penetration testing through their ACOM/ASCC IAM to the installation IAM.
4-20 i.(5)The use of "keystroke monitoring" software of any kind is prohibited, except by LE/CI personnel acting within proper legal authority.
4-20 j.Networking security tools. The following policies apply to networking security tools used on ISs:
4-20 j.(1)Establish a security and implementation policy for each protection tool before purchase and implementation.
4-20 j.(2)Implement security tools within the security perimeter defensive architecture with NETCOM/9th SC (A) approval.
4-20 j.(3)Limit login access to internetworking devices to those individuals who operate and maintain those devices.
4-20 j.(4)Review configuration and audit files of security internetworking tools weekly.
4-20 j.(5)The NETCOM/9th SC (A), in coordination with CIO/G-6 and the ACERT, operates detection and protection devices for networks connected to the NIPRNET. Although NETCOM/9th SC (A) owns, operates, and maintains the enterprise devices, this does not preclude the Command, DOIM, or activity IA personnel from managing and analyzing local networks or data. Local management of an IDS/IPS is recommended with notification to the DOIM and/or TNOSC. The notification will document the operational requirement, the intent of monitoring, and the device utilized. Staff the notification to the RCIO IAPM and submit to the supporting DOIM and RCERT/TNOSC. The requesting activity is responsible for providing the hardware and software necessary. All independent installations of IDS/IPS technologies will be configured to also support enterprise sensing and warning management activities. Coordinate the configuration and reporting requirements with the supporting RCERT/TNOSC.
4-20 k.Tactical systems.
4-20 k.(1)Tactical systems, including weapon system and devices integral to weapon or weapon support systems, that include features normally associated with an IS will implement the requirements of this regulation, DODI 8500.2, and Interim DIACAP.
4-20 k.(2)When one or more of the minimum-security requirements are impractical or adversely impose risk of safety-of use because of the function and design of the system, the situation will be addressed in the C&A package and considered by the CA and the DAA in determining the CA recommendation and the DAA authorization decision.
4-20 k.(3)Mechanisms must be available to render the IS inoperable in case of imminent capture by hostile forces.
4-20 k.(4)Tactical networks connecting to standard tactical entry point (STEP) sites, garrison, or other fixed networks must be compliant with all security requirements (for example, configurations, approved software, C&A) before connection. They will be protected by access controls and intrusion prevention and intrusion detection systems in the same manner as garrison network defenses described earlier and will implement a DiD strategy. Section VIII:Incident and Intrusion Reporting
4-21 a.All personnel will protect IS incident reports as a minimum FOUO or to the level for which the system is accredited.
4-21 b.IA personnel will validate IS incident reporting procedures annually for all users.
4-21 c.All personnel will report IS incidents or events including, but not limited to-
4-21 c.(1)Known or suspected intrusion or access by an unauthorized individual.
4-21 c.(2)Authorized user attempting to circumvent security procedures or elevate access privileges.
4-21 c.(3)Unexplained modifications of files, software, or programs.
4-21 c.(4)Unexplained or erratic IS system responses.
4-21 c.(5)Presence of suspicious files, shortcuts, or programs.
4-21 c.(6)Malicious logic infection (for example, virus, worm, Trojan).
4-21 c.(7)Receipt of suspicious e-mail attachments, files, or links.
4-21 c.(8)Spillage incidents or violations of published BBP procedures.
4-21 d.A serious incident report (SIR) will be generated and reported per AR 190-45 under the following conditions-
4-21 d.(1)The incident poses grave danger to the Army's ability to conduct established information operations.
4-21 d.(2)Adverse effects on the Army's image such as Web page defacements.
4-21 d.(3)Access or compromise of classified, sensitive, or protected information (for example, Soldier identification information (SSN), medical condition or status, doctor-patient, or attorney-client privilege).
4-21 d.(4)Compromise originating from a foreign source.
4-21 d.(5)Compromise of systems that may risk safety, life, limb, or has the potential for catastrophic effects, or contain information for which the Army is attributable (for example, publicly accessible waterways navigational safety information from the USACE).
4-21 d.(6)Loss of any IS or media containing protected or classified information.
4-22 a.An individual who suspects or observes an unusual or obvious incident or occurrence will cease all activities and will notify his or her SA/NA, IASO, or IAM immediately.
4-22 b.If the SA/NA, IASO, or IAM is not available, the individual will contact his or her supporting installation IAM and theater RCERT.
4-22 c.Any SA/NA, IASO, or IAM who observes or suspects an incident or intrusion, or receives information on an incident, will logically isolate the system, prohibit any additional activities on or to the system, and immediately notify his or her supporting RCERT/TNOSC. Take no additional actions to investigate the incident until directed by the RCERT.
4-22 d.Isolation includes physical isolation (unplugging the network connection), restricting any direct physical access, and logical isolation (blocking the IP at security routers or firewalls both inbound and outbound) from the network to the system.
4-22 e.If the RCERT is not available then the SA or IASO will contact the ACERT directly. In addition, report per local supervisory reporting policies in effect.
4-22 f.Each RCERT is responsible for collecting and recording all the required information, coordinating all incident response procedures between LE/CI personnel and the organization, and conducting all intrusion containment, eradication, and verification measures.
4-22 g.The IS incident reporting format and additional reporting requirements are available on the ACERT and supporting RCERT NIPRNET/SIPRNET Web sites.
4-23 a.When directed by RCERT, all ISs determined to be compromised either through unauthorized access or malicious logic will be rebuilt from original media, patched, and scanned for compliance before reintroduction to the network.
4-23 b.IA personnel will scan all similar ISs or devices on the compromised network for configuration compliance or vulnerability identification and immediately correct vulnerable systems. If during the course of this assessment additional ISs are identified as compromised, IA personnel will report these system as compromised and take no further action.
4-23 c.Networks may require re-accreditation, under the DIACAP, following any successful compromise.
4-23 d.Specific details and actions for a compromised system are available on the ACERT Web site. Section IX:Information Assurance Vulnerability Management
4-24 a.General. The Information Assurance Vulnerability Management (IAVM) Program is the absolute minimum standard for all ISs, not the preferred end state which is a proactive methodology of maintaining, patching, and updating systems before notification or exploitation. IAVM requires the completion of four distinct phases to ensure compliance. These phases are-
4-24 a.(1)Vulnerability identification, dissemination, and acknowledgement.
4-24 a.(2)Application of measures to affected systems to make them compliant.
4-24 a.(3)Compliance reporting.
4-24 a.(4)Compliance verification.
4-24 b.Responsibilities. The CIO/G-6 will be the POC to acknowledge receipt (within five days) of DOD CERT issued IAVM messages, aggregate compliance and waiver data, and report (within 30 days or as directed) to DOD. Systems and processes for collecting detailed information and for implementing IAVM are the responsibility of every IA person.
4-24 c.Army implementation of IAVM. ACERT/A-GNOSC will serve as the Army's focal point for initiation of the IAVM process.
4-24 c.(1)Vulnerability identification, dissemination, and acknowledgment. ACERT/A-GNOSC will issue Army IAVM messages. There are three types of DOD IAVM messages: alert (IAVA), bulletin (IAVB), and Technical Advisory (TA). DOD has restricted the use of these terms to the IAVM program only.
4-24 c.(1)(a)IAVAs will establish mandatory suspense dates for acknowledgement and compliance, corrective actions to negate vulnerabilities, and implementation of additional CND requirements.
4-24 c.(1)(b)IAVBs will establish mandatory suspense dates for acknowledgement yet allow commanders and IA personnel flexibility for implementation of the corrective actions to negate vulnerabilities or implementation of CND requirements. Corrective actions are required to be completed, but not reported.
4-24 c.(1)(c)Information Assurance Technical Tips (IATTs) (Army designation) allow commanders and IA personnel flexibility for acknowledgement and implementation to negate vulnerabilities or implement CND requirements. Acknowledgement and compliance are not reported. Corrective actions are required to be completed but not reported.
4-24 c.(1)(d)All personnel responsible for implementing the IAVM process will join the Army IAVM Community Group on AKO to receive messages. Use only official e-mail accounts for this distribution list. IAVM messages are available on the asset and vulnerability tracking resource (A&VTR) Web site.
4-24 c.(2)IAVM compliance. Commanders, PEOs, PMs, and designated IA officers will disseminate implementation guidance and ensure compliance to IAVM requirements. Commanders or IA personnel will provide contractors, contracted support, or other personnel (as necessary) IAVM information as required to support compliance requirements.
4-25 a.The RCIOs, ACOMs/ASCCs/DRUs commanders, PEOs, PMs (or their IA officers), and garrison commanders will ensure that messages are acknowledged, corrective actions are implemented, extensions are requested, compliance is verified, and reporting information is entered into A&VTR. Within 10 calendar days from the date of the IAVM message, SA/NAs will conduct a baseline assessment scan for affected assets and enter identified assets into A&VTR. RCIOs will oversee IAVM compliance reporting for their regions or commands.
4-25 b.PEOs and PMs will implement corrective actions for IAVM vulnerabilities that apply to systems under their control. Tactical systems will document compliance methodology in a classified Scorecard and POA&M as part of their C&A package. DAAs will resolve compliance issues where it may result in safety or performance issues of a combat system that are operationally unacceptable.
4-25 c.If corrective actions required by issued alerts adversely affect operations, IAMs or their designated representatives (for example, affected SAs or IANMs) will conduct a risk assessment for the commander and contact their supporting RCIO, IAPM, or IAM. The RCIO, IAPM, or IAM will contact the CIO/G-6 through ACERT/ NETCOM/9th SC (A) to request an extension, not to exceed 180 days, and to develop and implement an acceptable alternative security solution. The alternative security solutions must be coordinated with the ACERT/ NETCOM/9th SC (A) before approval by the appropriate DAA. This extension request will include risk mitigation steps taken to reduce or eliminate the IAVM-identified risks until an acceptable solution is implemented. The extension request will include a POA&M (get well plan) to be considered in the CA risk determination.
4-25 d.IAVM compliance reporting will be accomplished through the Army's A&VTR. To meet DOD requirements, register specific system/asset owners and SAs, including applicable electronic addresses, in A&VTR.
4-25 e.All IAVM compliance reporting of classified, tactical, or operationally sensitive ISs will be through the A&VTR when located on the SIPRNET.
4-26 a.Membership in the CVT may include a CIO/G-6 Team Chief; a vulnerability scan technician; U.S. Army Audit Agency representatives, operating under AR 36-2 and AR 36-5; and U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Command representatives operating under AR 195-2.
4-26 b.In addition to reporting requirements under AR 36-2, AR 36-5, and AR 195-2, the CVT will report to the inspected unit, the CIO/G-6, and the Senior Army Leadership. The CIO/G-6 will provide a copy to the appropriate ACOM, ASCC, PEO, and PM CIOs.
4-26 c.Findings require a reply by endorsement on the corrective actions taken by the inspected command.
4-27 a.Establish a capability to implement or effectively mitigate the risk posed by critical vulnerabilities as identified in IAVA notifications.
4-27 b.MAPs will address specific actions taken to mitigate risks identified in IAVA messages.
4-27 c.MAPs are tracked in A&VTR Database. Approvals and denials are granted at the appropriate DAA, DOIM, ACERT/A-GNOSC, and HQDA levels, and in some instances approvals are reserved only for the DCS, G-3/5/7.
4-27 d.MAPs focus on systems not able to comply within the period specified in the IAVA notification message. Organizations will first use all their available resources to ensure vulnerable systems are patched before requesting extensions. MAPs will reflect a detailed reason, operational impact statement, efforts to bring the systems into compliance, and a mitigation strategy.
4-27 e.First MAP requests: The DAA for the ICAN may approve MAPs up to 30 days from the compliance date on the IAVA message and includes the number of impacted systems not able to comply within period specified in the notification message. The First MAP begins the day after the original IAVA compliance suspense and is valid for up to 30 days. Approval will be based on a sound MAP that minimizes the risk of compromise to Army networks.
4-27 f.Second MAP requests: This MAP will be valid up to 60 days after the end date of the local DAA approved 30-days and will reflect the number of remaining systems not able to comply after the 30-day approval from the local DAA. The Director, NETCOM Office of Information Assurance and Compliance (OIA&C), approves second MAPs with ACERT/A-GNOSC A2TAG recommendations.
4-27 g.Third MAP requests: The CIO/G-6 approves third MAPs. They are reserved for rare cases where circumstances have prevented compliance with an IAVA during the timelines for first or second MAPs, to include mission required legacy systems. Third MAPs begin the day after the second MAP ends and runs for a period directed by the approval authority, for a maximum of 2 years.
4-27 h.The A&VTR keeps a history file of all MAP actions. Open MAPs will be reviewed and revalidated within A&VTR.
4-27 i.If an IAVA message states: DCS, G-3/5/7 approval only, then the MAP can only be approved by the DCS, G-3/5/7 with recommendations accepted from the local DAA, the NETCOM OIA&C Director, and the CIO/G-6. Section X:Miscellaneous Provisions
4-28 a.All scans will be coordinated within AOR between the initiating or oversight component and the supporting RCERT/TNOSC.
4-28 b.Prohibit scans across network segments protected by a TNOSC security router or IDS, unless specifically coordinated and approved by NETCOM/9th SC (A).
4-28 c.Only trained or product certified personnel will use assessment software.
4-28 d.Before conducting mapping or scanning of a network, war dialing, or war driving, the IAM will notify the DOIM and the servicing RCERT/TNOSC with the purpose, start, type and duration of the scanning activity.
4-28 e.Personnel will provide a copy of the assessment results to the servicing DOIM and RCERT/TNOSC.
4-28 f.Installations that do not have the expertise, requisite certification level, or resources to scan their own networks may request an assessment scan through their supporting RCERT/TNOSC.
4-28 g.Commanders, IA personnel and network management personnel will treat unannounced or unauthorized scanning of networks as potential intrusions and report when detected. Persons conducting unauthorized scans of Army networks may be subject to administrative actions or criminal prosecution.
4-28 h.IAMs and IASOs will establish procedures to scan their networks quarterly to identify assets; application, network, and operating system vulnerabilities; configuration errors; and points of unauthorized access.
4-28 i.Train all IA participants on approved scanning tools and assessors will sign an acknowledgment of complete understanding of the "rules of engagement" before conducting any scanning activity. For example-
4-28 i.(1)No reading of personal data on networks while conducting a vulnerability assessment.
4-28 i.(2)No penetration testing.
4-28 i.(3)No denial-of-service attacks or tests.
4-28 i.(4)No scanning outside local network enclave borders.
4-28 j.Utilize the Do-it Yourself Vulnerability Assessment Program (DITY VAP) to assess configurations, compliance, asset identification, unauthorized connectivity, and security vulnerabilities within local network enclave borders. DITY VAP assessments prohibit the use of data corruption, data manipulation, data denial, examination of data content, denial of service, or "hacking" and penetration tools and techniques.
4-28 k.Information Operations Vulnerability Assessments Division (IOVAD) Blue Team and Red Team Programs. The 1st IO CMD IOVAD offers assessment support in the areas of information management and security, in which focused efforts assess IA through the elements of OPSEC, COOP, INFOSEC, COMSEC, and CND. In addition, IOVAD Red Teams are available to challenge and assess readiness.
4-28 l.RCERTs and TNOSCs may conduct no-notice remote scanning across enterprise boundaries, including, but not limited to, IAVM support, threat or asset identification, or vulnerable systems and services identification, with or without coordination with commanders or IA personnel. Assessment scanning from authorized external organizations is normally conducted from documented and readily identified systems. IA personnel will implement verification procedures to validate, but not hinder or deny, these scanning activities. RCERTs and TNOSCs may block or deny access to vulnerable systems identified during these scans until corrections have been made.
4-29 a.PEDs containing wireless communications or connectivity, audio, video, recording, or transmission capabilities will be prohibited from areas where classified information is discussed or electronically processed, unless specifically documented in the C&A package and permitted as an exception by the DAA and all classification, access, and encryption restrictions are enforced for the PED as they would be for a classified device.
4-29 b.Implement identification and authentication measures at both the device and network level if connectivity is approved. Voice does not require DOD PKI IA.
4-29 c.PEDs will support PKI, digital certificates, FIPS, or NSA validated crypto modules or data encryption standards appropriate for the classification level of the information processed.
4-29 d.Provide all PED users with security awareness training regarding the physical and information security vulnerabilities and policies of the device.
4-29 e.Contractor provided or owned PEDs (if approved) will be stated as mission essential in contracts, and will meet all C&A standards and are subject to inspections and IA requirements as any other IS.
4-29 f.Employee owned PEDs are prohibited for use in official communications or connections to Army networks.
4-30 a.Pilot and fielded wireless LANs and PEDs with LAN connectivity will meet the same C&A and IA security requirements as wired LAN ISs in accordance with this regulation, AR 380-53, AR 25-1, and DODI 8500.2.
4-30 b.DOIMs and IAMs will verify the IA C&A authorization of WLANs that connect to the installation.
4-30 c.SOs will configure and install wireless solutions to preclude backdoors.
4-30 d.Where wireless LANs are implemented or proposed, thorough analysis, testing, and risk assessments must be done to determine the risks associated with potential information intercepts or monitoring, TEMPEST emanations, and network vulnerability.
4-30 e.The use of AV software on wireless-capable ISs and devices is required.
4-30 f.Users will be authenticated to the devices authorized for WLAN.
4-30 g.DOIMs and IAMs will control, monitor, and protect wireless access gateways with firewalls and IDS devices.
4-30 h.Certify all wireless devices procured with Army funds for spectrum supportability through the Military Communications Electronics Board (MCEB) per DODD 5000.1 and AR 5-12. Submit spectrum supportability requests to NETCOM/9th SC (A), ATTN: NETC-EST-V, Suite 1204, 2461 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22331-0200.
4-30 i.DOIMs and IAMs will terminate wireless access points at a boundary device in the DMZ, not in the internal encl Avenue
4-30 j.Certify that WLAN frequencies meet any host nation or Government restrictions.
4-31 a.Prohibit the use of employee-owned information systems (EOISs) for classified or sensitive information.
4-31 b.The use of an EOIS for ad-hoc (one-time or infrequent) processing of unclassified information is restricted and only permitted with IAM, DAA, or commander approval. Requirements for use and approval are included in AR 25-1.
4-31 c.If approved for ad hoc use, EOISs processing official data will comply with all security provisions of this regulation. Computer owners will implement IA countermeasures required by this regulation, specifically AV and IA software and updates, or be prohibited from such activity. All processed data will be removed from the EOIS and personnel will sign compliance statements that the data was removed.
4-31 d.Include security requirements and authorized software availability for the use and safeguarding of EOISs in security training.
4-31 e.Contractor-owned and operated ISs will meet all security requirements for Government-owned hardware and software when operating on the AEI, managing, storing, or processing Army or DOD data or information, or conducting official communications or business.
4-31 f.Scan all data processed from an EOIS before inclusion or introduction into the network.
4-31 g.Prohibit all remote access for remote management from any EOISs.
4-32 a.Digital copiers, printers, scanners, faxes, and similar IS devices employ embedded hard-drives or other media that may retain residual classified or sensitive information. Include these devices as part of the C&A process.
4-32 b.Destroy replaced equipment parts per classification level when removed.
4-32 c.Cleared and technically qualified personnel will inspect equipment before equipment removal from protected areas.
4-32 d.Peripheral devices (for example, printers, copiers) are subject to IAVM compliance and accreditation.
4-32 e.Peripheral devices (for example, printers, copiers) are subject to sanitizing, purging, or disposition restrictions as published.